In-vitro Cytotoxicity study of Manglicolous Lichens, Graphis ajarekarii Patw. & C.R. Kulk., and Parmotrema tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale.

  • Alekhya K Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India
  • Santhoshi AHV Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India
  • Hymavathi K Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, India
  • Vinay Bharadwaj T Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang-550000, Vietnam
    vinaybharadwajtatipamula@duytan.edu.vn

Abstract

Different natural products including lichens, have been using in traditional medicine around the world since the old days. The lichens genera of Graphis and Parmotrema have a great usage in folklore medicine. The Initially, the hydroalcoholic extracts of mangrove associated lichens, Graphis ajarekarii and Parmotrema tinctorum were prepared and were used to get different fractions using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol.  The prepared extracts was evaluated for cytotoxicity using Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay on different cell lines such as MDA-MB-231, SW620, HeLa, FADU, A549, SKOV3 and in vitro toxicity studies using normal human cell line i.e., Normal Human Mammary Epithelial (NHME). Among all the tested extracts, the ethyl acetate extract from G. ajarekarii (Ga-EA) and P. tinctorum (Pt-EA) were active against all tested cancer cells. The SRB assay revealed that Ga-EA and Pt-EA (100 µg/mL) has good inhibitory profile towards SW620 with 70.51 and 75.18%, than that of the doxorubicin (10 µg/mL, 66.71%). Also, the all the extracts from G. ajarekarii and P. tinctorum were found to be inactive against NHME indicates non-toxic. Hence, this study revealed that G. ajarekarii and P. tinctorum has an aptitude to act against cancer.

Keywords: Graphis ajarekarii, Parmotrema tinctorum, Sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay, Cancer cell lines

References

1. Nayaka S, Ingle KK, Bajpai R et al., Lichens of Gujarat state, India with special reference to coastal habitats. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology. 2013; 3(2): 222-229.
2. Tatipamula VB, Vedula GS, Rathod BB et al., Study of Phytochemical Analysis, Total flavonoid and phenolic content, Antimicrobial properties and chemical constituents of two manglicolous lichens extracts. Inventi Rapid: Planta Activa. 2018; (2): 1-6.
3. Kumar J, Dhar P, Tayade AB et al., Antioxidant capacities, phenolic profile and cytotoxic effects of Saxicolous lichens from Trans-Himalayan cold Desert of Ladakh. PLoS One. 2014; 9(6):e98696.
4. Logesh AR, Kalaiselvam M, Upreti DK et al., Mangroves – an abode for unique lichens. Cocasal Ecosystems of India–Special Publication, 2013; 39-44.
5. Behera BC, Adawadkar B, Makhija U. Tissue-culture of selected species of the Graphis lichen and their biological activities. Fitoterapia. 2006; 77(3): 208-215.
6. Pittayakhajonwut P, Sri-Indrasutdhi V, Dramae A et al., Graphisins A and B from the lichen Graphis tetralocularis. Australian Journal of Chemistry. 2009; 62(4): 389-391.
7. Raj PS, Prathapan A, Sebastian J et al., Parmotrema tinctorum exhibits antioxidant, antiglycation and inhibitory activities against aldose reductase and carbohydrate digestive enzymes: An in vitro study. Natural Product Research. 2014; 28(18): 1480-1484.
8. Vichai V, Kirtikara K. Sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay for cytotoxicity screening. Nature Protocol. 2006; 1(3): 1112-1116.
Statistics
174 Views | 118 Downloads
How to Cite
1.
K A, AHV S, K H, Bharadwaj T V. In-vitro Cytotoxicity study of Manglicolous Lichens, Graphis ajarekarii Patw. & C.R. Kulk., and Parmotrema tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale. Am J Med Nat Sci [Internet]. 2020Jul.27 [cited 2025Sep.19];1(1):25-9. Available from: https://www.ajmns.com/index.php/journal/article/view/6
Issue
Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Vol 1 Issue 1 April, 2020
Section
Original Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

All the articles are published in AJMNS are under Creative Commons License. Any further distribution or use of content published under CC BY-NC 4.0 must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Unported License.